Friday 26 August 2011

60 ASP.NET interview questions and answers for freshers and experienced


What is the difference between login controls and Forms authentication?
Latest answer: Forms authentication can be easily implemented using login controls without writing any code. Login control performs functions like prompting for user credentials, validating them and issuing authentication just as the FormsAuthentication class...............
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What is Fragment Caching in ASP.NET?
Latest answer: Fragment caching refers to the caching of individual user controls within a Web Form. Each user control can have independent cache durations and implementations of how the caching behavior is to be applied.............

What is partial classess in .net?
Latest answer: Partial classes allow us to divide the class definition into multiple files (physically). Logically, all the partial classes are treated as a single file by the compiler............
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ASP.NET DataList Control

Using the DataList control, Binding images to a DataList control dynamically, Displaying data using the DataList control, Selecting, editing and delete data using this control, Handling the DataList control events..........
ASP.NET Methodologies
ASP.NET attempts to make the web development methodology like the GUI development methodology by allowing developers to build pages made up of controls similar to a GUI. Server controls in ASP.NET function similarly to GUI controls in other environments..........
Problems ASP.NET Solves
Microsoft developed ASP.NET, which greatly simplifies the web development methodology...........
ASP.NET issues & options
The truth is that ASP.NET has several issues that need to be addressed..........

Explain the advantages of ASP.NET
Web application exists in compiled form on the server so the execution speed is faster as compared to the interpreted scripts.........

What Is ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX?
AJAX-style communications between client and server. This communication is over web services. Asynchronous communication. All client-to-server communication in the ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX framework is asynchronous................
The components in the ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX packaging
ASP.NET AJAX Futures Community Technology Preview (CTP) — The ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX framework contains a set of functionality that is experimental in nature. This functionality will eventually become integrated with the RTM/Core code.
Potential benefits of using Ajax
AJAX makes it possible to create better and more responsive websites and web applications...............
Potential problems with AJAX
Search engines may not be able to index all portions of your AJAX application site.........
What Is ASP.NET AJAX?
ASP.NET AJAX is the name of Microsoft’s AJAX solution, and it refers to a set of client and server technologies that focus on improving web development with Visual Studio...............
Balancing Client and Server Programming with ASP.NET AJAX
With AJAX, much of the logic surrounding user interactions can be moved to the client. This presents its own set of challenges. Some examples of AJAX use include streaming large datasets to the browser that are managed entirely in JavaScript..................
Anonymous types defined with var are not VB variants. The var keyword signals the compiler to emit a strong type based on the value of the operator on the right side. Anonymous types can be used to initialize simple types like integers and strings but detract modestly from clarity and add little value..............
Model View Controller
We will learn about MVC design patterns, and how Microsoft has made our lives easier by creating the ASP.NET MVC framework for easier adoption of MVC patterns in our web applications...............
MVC Design
MVC, which stands for Model View Controller, is a design pattern that helps us achieve the decoupling of data access and business logic from the presentation code , and also gives us the opportunity to unit test the GUI effectively and neatly, without worrying about GUI changes at all..........
Page Controller Pattern in ASP.NET
Here it shows how a page controller pattern works in ASP.NET.



Define Validation Control in ASP.NET.
The validation control is used to implement page level validity of data entered in the server controls.................
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What are the validation types supported by ASP.NET?
Following are the validation types in ASP.NET:
The RequiredFieldValidator control forces the input control a required field. The CompareValidator control is used to compare values of the two input fields.............
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Describe the steps to use Validation Control.
Draw a validation control on a Web form. Set the ControlToValidate property to the control you want to validate. Specify the ControlToCompare property with CompareValidator control...........
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How many types of validation controls are provided by ASP.NET? Explain them.
5 Types of validation control exists: RequiredFieldValidator: To enforce a user to fill a particular field before submitting the form. This is done when the field is a mandatory input .e.g.: username & password............
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ASP.NET State Management Interview questions with answers 
Define state management in ASP.NET. | Define Client-side state management and Server-side state management.
Interview questions and answers on .Net web service
What is XML Web Server? | Describe the Components that help locate and consume XML Web Service. | Describe the process of communication between Client and Web Service. | What are the components published while deploying of Web Service? | Describe .disco file. | Describe the step to be followed to access web service by client.
ASP.NET 2.0 Validation Groups
With ASP.NET 2.0, Microsoft introduces a new feature known as validation groups, which enables you to create different groups of validation controls and assign them to input controls, such as text boxes. You can assign a validation group to a collection of input controls if you want to validate the collection of input controls on the same criteria............
ASP.NET 2.0 Themes
One of the neat features of ASP.NET 2.0 is themes, which enable you to define the appearance of a set of controls once and apply the appearance to your entire web application............
ASP.NET 2.0 Web Parts Framework
ASP.NET 2.0 ships with a Web Parts Framework that provides the infrastructure and the building blocks required for creating modular web pages that can be easily customized by the users. You can use Web Parts to create portal pages that aggregate different types of content, such as static text, links, and content that can change at runtime..................
Visual Studio 2005 Improvements
Visual Studio 2005 is the best development tool for building data-driven web applications. As part of the Visual Studio 2005 suite of tools, Microsoft is introducing a new tool called Visual Web Developer (VWD) that is designed to work with the current and next generation of ASP.NET. VWD provides powerful new features for the web developer.................
Difference between authentication and authorization.
Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user.......
What is impersonation in ASP.NET?
ASP.NET can also impersonate a specific account you specify in web.config.........
What is event bubbling in .NET?
The passing of the control from the child to the parent is called as bubbling..........

Define state management in ASP.NET.
State management is implemented in order to retain information about the user requests. Web pages are stateless. Each request creates new page without retaining any previous information about the user requests...............
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Define Client-side state management and Server-side state management.
Client-side state management
This maintains information on the client's machine using Cookies, View State, and Query Strings..........
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What is Session Identifier?
Advantages and disadvantages of using Session State Management.
What are the Session State Modes? Define each Session State mode supported by ASP.NET.
ASP.NET Exception Handling Interview questions with answers
Define Exception handling in ASP.NET. | What are the ways of handling exceptions in ASP.NET? | Explain Try/catch block method of exception handling. | Define Error Events. Define Custom Error Pages. | Why is exception handling important to an application? | When can you use tracing with exception handling?
ASP.NET Master Pages questions with answers
What is Master Page in ASP.NET? | Advantages of using Master Page in ASP.NET | Define Multiple Master Page. | How do you create Master Page?
What Is ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX?
ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX is an AJAX-oriented .NET library that runs on .NET 2.0. Though ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX is an AJAX library and can be used to perform AJAX operations, it is really much more. ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX offers many of the same types of features of the server-side ASP.NET............
The components in the ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX packaging
The packaging of ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX can be fairly confusing. The basics of the packaging are................
AJAX Benefits
AJAX offers benefits to both end users and developers. For end users, it reduces the “rich or reach” conflict; for developers, it helps in overcoming the constraints raised by HTTP.............
What Is ASP.NET AJAX?
ASP.NET AJAX is the name of Microsoft’s AJAX solution, and it refers to a set of client and server technologies that focus on improving web development with Visual Studio. Other companies have their own AJAX solution, often taking a radically different approach..........
AJAX Libraries
In addition to ASP.NET AJAX, many third-party AJAX libraries are available that can be used with ASP.NET, although not all of them were specifically designed for it. Some are mostly focused on providing JavaScript libraries for use from within the browser to make manipulation of the browser DOM (Document Object Model) easier..................
What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file? 
AppSetting section is used to set the user defined values. For e.g.: The ConnectionString which is used through out the project for database connection.........
Difference between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect.
Following are the major differences between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect.....

Define Caching in ASP.NET.
Caching technique allows to store/cache page output or application data on the client...............
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Advantages of Caching
  It increases performance of the application by serving user with cached output. It decreases server round trips for fetching data from database by persisting data in the memory.............
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What are the types of Caching in ASP.NET?
Caching in ASP.NET can be of the following typesPage Output Caching, Page Fragment Caching, Data Caching..............
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ASP.NET 2 caching features
Caching is defined as temporary storage of data for faster retrieval on subsequent requests. In ASP .NET 2.0, the caching support is integrated with the DataSource controls to cache data in a web page.
ASP.NET 2.0 Caching Feature
Caching is defined as temporary storage of data for faster retrieval on subsequent requests. In ASP .NET 2.0, the caching support is integrated with the DataSource controls to cache data in a web page. ASP.NET 2.0 also now includes automatic database server cache invalidation............
.NET crystal reports
How do we access crystal reports in .NET?
What are the various components in crystal reports?
What basic steps are needed to display a simple report in crystal?..........
ADO.NET
Define connected and disconnected data access in ADO.NET | Describe CommandType property of a SQLCommand in ADO.NET. | Define Dataview component of ADO.NET. | What are the ways to create connection in ADO.NET? | Access database at runtime using ADO.NET
.NET Code Security Interview questions with answers
What is code security? What are the types? | Define Principal object. | Define declarative and imperative security. | Define role-based security. | Explain code access security. | What is Code group? | Define the use of Caspol.exe.
Model View Controller
we will learn about MVC design patterns, and how Microsoft has made our lives easier by creating the ASP.NET MVC framework for easier adoption of MVC patterns in our web applications...............
Page Controller Pattern in ASP.NET
Here it shows how a page controller pattern works in ASP.NET.
MVC Design
MVC, which stands for Model View Controller, is a design pattern that helps us achieve the decoupling of data access and business logic from the presentation code , and also gives us the opportunity to unit test the GUI effectively and neatly, without worrying about GUI changes at all..........
REST: Representation State Transfer
REST means Representational State Transfer, an architectural pattern used to identify and fetch resources from networked systems such as the World Wide Web (WWW). The REST architecture was the foundation of World Wide Web. But the term itself came into being around the year 2000, and is quite a buzzword these days...........
ASP.NET MVC Framework
The ASP.NET MVC framework was released by Microsoft as an alternative approach to web forms when creating ASP.NET based web applications...........
Working with the DataList Control
The DataList control like the Repeater control is a template driven, light weight control, and acts as a container of repeated data items. The templates in this control are used to define the data that it will contain...............
Transparent caching with AOP 
To get better results in terms of speed and resources used, it's suggested to use a cache. We can store in it the results corresponding to the methods' invocations as key-value pairs: method and arguments as key and return object as value..............

Define Exception handling in ASP.NET.
Exceptions or errors are unusual occurrences that happen within the logic of an application...............
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What are the ways of handling exceptions in ASP.NET?
There are three ways to handle exceptions in ASP.NET
Try/catch/finally block..............
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Explain Try/catch block of exception handling.
You can enclose code in Try/Catch/Finally block. You can catch all exceptions in the catch block..............
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Define Error Events.
ASP.NET supports events that occur when any unhandled exception occurs in an application. These events are called as Error Events.............. Read answer
Define Custom Error Pages.
There are many errors that can’t be trapped in the application code like page not found. To intercept this kind of error, ASP.NET supports Custom Error Pages that can be specified at two places..............
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Why is exception handling important for an application?
Exception handling is used to prevent application from being stuck due to unusual occurrences. If the exceptions are handled properly, the application will never get terminated abruptly..............
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When can you use tracing with exception handling?
You can use tracing with exception handling to log unanticipated exception to the trace log. The log file can be used to diagnose unanticipated problems and thus can be corrected..............
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.NET Code Security Interview questions with answers
What is code security? What are the types? | Define Principal object. | Define declarative and imperative security. | Define role-based security. | Explain code access security. | What is Code group? | Define the use of Caspol.exe.
ASP.NET 2.0 Themes
One of the neat features of ASP.NET 2.0 is themes, which enable you to define the appearance of a set of controls once and apply the appearance to your entire web application............
.NET Debug & Trace Interview questions with answers 
What is break mode? What are the options to step through code? | Debug Vs Trace. | Define trace class. Define Listeners collection of Trace and Debug objects. | Define Trace Switches.
ASP.NET 2.0 Administration and Management
One of the key goals of ASP.NET 2.0 is to ease the effort required to deploy, manage, and operate ASP.NET web sites. To this end, ASP.NET 2.0 features a new Configuration Management API that enables users to programmatically build programs or scripts that create, read, and update configuration files such as Web.config and machine.config.............
ASP.NET 2.0 Speed and Performance
As part of the performance improvements, ASP.NET 2.0 also enhances the caching feature set by providing new functionalities...........
ASP.NET 2.0 Caching Feature
Caching is defined as temporary storage of data for faster retrieval on subsequent requests. In ASP .NET 2.0, the caching support is integrated with the DataSource controls to cache data in a web page. ASP.NET 2.0 also now includes automatic database server cache invalidation............
Understanding AJAX
AJAX is an acronym for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. If you think it doesn't say much, we agree. Simply put, AJAX can be read "empowered JavaScript", because it essentially offers a technique for client-side JavaScript to make background server calls and retrieve additional data as needed, updating certain portions of the page without causing full page reloads.............
What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file? 
AppSetting section is used to set the user defined values. For e.g.: The ConnectionString which is used through out the project for database connection.........
Difference between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect.
Following are the major differences between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect.....
Difference between authentication and authorization.
Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user.......

What is Master Page in ASP.NET?

A Master page offers a template for one or more web forms. It defines placeholders for the content, which can be overridden by the content pages. The content pages contains only content.............
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Advantages of using Master Page in ASP.NET
Master pages enables consistent and standardized layout to the website.
You can make layout changes of the site in the master page instead of making change in the pages...............
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Define Multiple Master Page.
In ASP.NET, you can have multiple master pages each for a different purpose. You can provide users several layout options using Multiple Master Page..............
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How do you create Master Page?
Steps to create Master Page

Right-click your web project in the Solution Explorer window
Select Add New Item. Select the Master Page item type from the Add New Item dialog.................
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ASP.NET 2 Master Pages
ASP.NET 2.0 introduces a new concept known as master pages, in which a common base master file contains the common look and feel and standard behavior for all the pages in your application. Once the common content is placed in the master page, the content pages (child pages) can inherit content from the master pages apart from adding their content to the final output..........
  ASP.NET Validation Control questions with answers
Define Validation Control in ASP.NET. | What are the validation types supported by ASP.NET? | Describe the steps to use Validation Control.
.Net Framework Interview Question with answers
Explain the .Net Framework. | Describe the .Net Framework Architecture. | What are the components of the .Net Framework. | Explain the role of assembly in the .Net Framework. | Describe the GAC in the .Net Framework.
ASP.NET 2.0 Security Controls
With ASP.NET 2.0, things have changed for the better. For security-related functionalities, ASP.NET 2.0 introduces a wide range of new controls..............
ASP.NET 2.0 New Controls
In addition to the new controls, ASP.NET 2.0 also provides numerous enhancements to existing controls that make these controls more versatile than ever before in building component-based web pages. For example, the Panel control now has a DefaultButton property that specifies which button should be clicked if the user presses the Enter key while the panel has the focus.........
ASP.NET 2.0 Validation Groups
With ASP.NET 2.0, Microsoft introduces a new feature known as validation groups, which enables you to create different groups of validation controls and assign them to input controls, such as text boxes. You can assign a validation group to a collection of input controls if you want to validate the collection of input controls on the same criteria............
What is event bubbling in .NET?
The passing of the control from the child to the parent is called as bubbling..........
Describe how the ASP.NET authentication process works.
ASP.NET runs inside the process of IIS due to which there are two authentication layers which exist in the system.............
Explain the ways of authentication techniques in ASP.NET
Custom authentication needs installation of ISAPI filter in IIS.........

Define Session, SessionId and Session State in ASP.NET.
A session is the duration of connectivity between a client and a server application...............
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What is Session Identifier?
Session Identifier is used to identify session. It has SessionID property. When a page is requested, browser sends a cookie with a session identifier..............
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Advantages and disadvantages of using Session State.
The advantages of using session state are as follows:
It is easy to implement.
It ensures data durability, since session state retains data even if ASP.NET work process..............
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What are the Session State Modes? Define each Session State mode supported by ASP.NET.
ASP.NET supports three Session State modes.  InProc, State Server, SQL Server.................
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State management in ASP.NET
Define state management in ASP.NET.
Define Client-side state management and Server-side state management............
ASP.NET Application and Session state variables
Application state variables, Session state variables, Point to be noted about Application and Session state variables..........
Explain how to access ViewState value of this page in the next page.
PreviousPage property is set to the page property of the nest page to access the viewstate value of the page in the next page............
ASP.NET server controls vs. HTML controls
Server events, State management, Browser detection, Properties.............
What is a ViewState?
If a site happens to not maintain a ViewState, then if a user has entered some information in a large form with many input fields and the page is refreshes, then the values filled up in the form are lost...............
Explain the two different types of remote object creation mode in .NET.
SAO Server Activated Object (call mode): lasts the lifetime of the server. They are activated as SingleCall/Singleton objects. It makes objects stateless.................
Define Client-side state management and Server-side state management.

Define Authentication and Authorization.
Authentication is the process of verifying user's identity. Authorization is the process of granting privilege to authenticated user. The user is validated using authenticated process and then the authorization process identifies if the user has access to a given resource.................
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What is the authentication mode available in ASP.NET?
ASP.NET supports three authentication modes through the System.Web.Security namespace. Windows Authentication: The windows authentication authenticates users based on their windows accounts. In short, it uses windows network security. It uses IIS to perform authentication...................
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How do you set authentication mode in the ASP.NET application?
You can set authentication mode using web.config file.
<authentication mode="windows">
<authentication mode="passport">
<authentication mode="forms">.................
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List out the difference between windows authentication and form authentication.
Windows authentication uses windows account whereas form authentication maintains its own user list. Windows authentication is best suited for the application which is meant for a corporate users..............
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How do you impersonate the authenticated user in ASP.NET?
Impersonation means delegating one user identity to another user. In ASP.NET, the anonymous users impersonate the ASPNET user account by default...............
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How do you provide secured communication in ASP.NET?
ASP.NET provides secured communication using Secure Sockets Layer. The application to use SSL need to have an encryption key called a server certificate configured in IIS................



ASP.NET Caching Interview questions with answers
Define Caching in ASP.NET | Advantages of Caching | What are the types of Caching in ASP.NET? | Explain in brief each kind of caching in ASP.NET.
ASP.NET Globalization-Localization questions with answers
What is Globalization and Localization in ASP.NET? | What are the Globalization approaches possible in ASP.NET? | Implementing ASP.NET Globalization | Define Resource Files and Satellite Assemblies
ASP.NET Session State Management questions with answers
Define Session, SessionId and Session State in ASP.NET. | What is Session Identifier? | Advantages and disadvantages of using Session State Management. | What are the Session State Modes? | Define each Session State mode supported by ASP.NET.
ASP.NET 2.0 Themes
One of the neat features of ASP.NET 2.0 is themes, which enable you to define the appearance of a set of controls once and apply the appearance to your entire web application............
ASP.NET 2.0 Web Parts Framework
ASP.NET 2.0 ships with a Web Parts Framework that provides the infrastructure and the building blocks required for creating modular web pages that can be easily customized by the users. You can use Web Parts to create portal pages that aggregate different types of content, such as static text, links, and content that can change at runtime..................
Visual Studio 2005 Improvements
Visual Studio 2005 is the best development tool for building data-driven web applications. As part of the Visual Studio 2005 suite of tools, Microsoft is introducing a new tool called Visual Web Developer (VWD) that is designed to work with the current and next generation of ASP.NET. VWD provides powerful new features for the web developer.................
.NET crystal reports
How do we access crystal reports in .NET?
What are the various components in crystal reports?
What basic steps are needed to display a simple report in crystal?..........
ASP.NET 2.0 Data Controls
One of the important goals of ASP.NET 2.0 is 70% code reduction. The data controls supplied with ASP.NET 2.0 play an important role in making this ambitious goal a reality. Data source controls provide a consistent and extensible method for declaratively accessing data from web pages..............
ASP.NET 2.0 Security Controls
With ASP.NET 2.0, things have changed for the better. For security-related functionalities, ASP.NET 2.0 introduces a wide range of new controls..............